老年疑似肺结核的健康管理

来源 :2015中国老年医学和老年健康产业大会 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:liuaxing1314
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  目的:医疗机构的健康管理中心在我国公共卫生体系中发挥着重要作用。肺结核是一种老年人易染的常见传染病,应通过定期体检的方式,加强对老年肺结核疾病健康管理的关注度,特别是提高对无典型症状肺结核患者的检出率,做到尽早发现、及时治疗和有效控制。方法:体检过程中,首先根据胸部X光片初步判断肺结核疑似患者,判据为肺部显现条索状或点片状的模糊阴影;其次,在问诊环节了解他们平时有何不适症状,例如有咳嗽、咳痰,咯血、胸痛、呼吸困难等呼吸道症状或午后低热、面颊潮红、盗汗、乏力等结核中毒症状或结节性红斑、皮下结节、疱疹性结膜炎、结核风湿症等结核变态反应表现时,即可确诊为肺结核疑似患者;而对于所谓无症状者,其实也有蛛丝马迹可循,例如易疲劳、走路和上楼梯时比较以前感觉气喘、时有咽部痒感、想咳嗽、不明原因的消瘦、食欲不佳等,这些症状虽然并非肺结核所特有,但结合胸片检查结果也可基本认定为肺结核疑似患者;最后,一旦在体检中发现肺结核疑似患者,则立刻填报传染病卡并报告公共卫生科,及时转诊至本地的专科医院进行治疗。
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