Drug delivery development faces numerous challenges, such as improved efficacy and specificity, reduced side effects, sustained release, reduced pain from administration, increased ease of use and safety etc.New classes of pharmaceuticals and biologics (peptides, proteins and DNA-based therapeutics) that are fueling the rapid evolution of drug delivery technology cannot be effectively delivered by conventional means.Rather than through conventional burst release techniques (such as oral ingestion, injection), novel delivery techniques with controlled release are on demand.Consequently, delivery vehicles and drugs become more tightly coupled in the delivery design.Advances in nanotechnology and biotechnology will create new opportunities to develop biomimetic smart materials to meet the design requirements.