The justice theory of Rawls put the basic structure of society as a major problem of justice, in order to achieve social fairness and justice, he proposed two principles of justice to direct the design of basic structure of modem western capitalist society.The justice theory of Rawls is at the core of the two principles of justice, Two Principles of Justice are both the essence of the social distribution of the main system of basic rights and obligations arising from decisions by the interests of social cooperation way.Even if there is not equal distribution must also take care of at least on the premise of the beneficiary, Shows a tendency towards egalitarianism. Two principles of justice is established in classical contract and put on the utilitarian basis, By default"the primal state of the environment",The liberty, equality reach to a rational selection which they don’t know anything about themselves and their living conditions and social information,Ensure that the choice and the result is a contract which is same as the Justice.The domain of the political philosophy theory of Marx view on the justice of Rawls, From the beginning of the logic of justice, the realization of justice means, the justice of the council to and justice of the concept of the historic areas,will help us to view on the justice of Rawls well which has caused great repercussions in the western political philosophy theory. The starting point in logic of justice was different. Marx based on a material production activities, the justice theory of Rawls established in the territory of justice is the primal state which is a basis. Marx see the root which cause of justice is productive,Rawls cut production and did not see the distribution of the decision, just From allocations to talk about Justice.In the implementation aspect of social justice, Marx advocates abolition of private property, Marx advocates abolition of private property and Ralws is not alter ownership structure in the capitalist society and don’t see the shortage of Justice.From the Justice of the council to the care of the unfavorable, the corresponding Rawls at least beneficiaries.Areas in the history of justice, Marx’s conception of justice, with the mode of production changes, Rawls proposed a universal principles of justice that his principles of justice is applicable to all of the social system.Rawls theory of building a socialist harmonious society in China have very good positive significance, Free access to markets, a fair chance and the "vulnerable groups" in the interest of reference for good care.