伽利略是科学物理研究方法的创立者,他的创造才能还表现在他提出的假想实验上。高中《物理》上册“牛顿第一定律”中所述伽利略推论出惯性定律的实验便是其中之一。所谓“假想实验”,实际上是用逻辑思维方法,设计理想实验,以获得无法成暂时限于条件而不能用实验证实的结论。这是一种创造性的思维方法,如现行高中教材所述,理想(假想)实验“是建立在可靠事实的基础上的”“是把事实与思维结合起来”。本文的目的就是试图论述假想实验的思维特点及其在物理研究中的地位,由此对于中学物理的教学目的得到一点启示,给老师们提供一点材料,以便在关于中学生的智力培养方面增加点自觉性。假想实验属于“假说”的范畴,它具有假说的一般思维特点。首先,虽然是“假想”,但不论从实验的设 Galileo is the founder of scientific physics research methods, and his creative abilities are also reflected in his hypothetical experiments. One of them is Galileo’s experiment of deducing the laws of inertia described in the book “The Newton’s First Law” in the book “Physics”. The so-called “hypothetical experiment” is actually using logical thinking methods to design ideal experiments to obtain conclusions that cannot be temporarily limited to conditions and cannot be confirmed by experiments. This is a creative way of thinking. As described in the current high school textbooks, the ideal (imaginary) experiment “is based on reliable facts” and “combines facts with thinking.” The purpose of this paper is to try to discuss the thinking characteristics of virtual experiments and their position in physics research. This gives a little inspiration to the teaching purpose of middle school physics, and provides teachers with a little material in order to increase awareness in the intellectual cultivation of middle school students. Sex. Hypothetical experiment belongs to the category of “hypothesis”, which has the general thinking characteristics of hypothesis. First of all, although it is “hypothetical,” regardless of the design of the experiment