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研究了碳政策下易变质产品的库存优化问题。结合易变质产品销售价格随时间变化与产品在订购和存贮过程会产生碳排放的实际情形,以有限计划期内零售商总利润最大为目标,构建了碳限额与交易政策下易变质产品的库存优化模型。分析模型最优解的相关性质并求解了零售商在碳政策约束下的最优订购次数。进一步将最优订购次数分别与无碳约束情形和零售商实现最小碳排放时对应的订购次数进行比较,得出零售商在碳政策下实现高利润和低排放的条件。最后通过数值算例对模型的理论结果进行验证,探讨了相关参数对零售商库存策略的影响。研究结果表明:在碳限额与交易政策下,存在唯一的最优订购策略使得零售商在有限计划期内的总利润值取得最大;当零售商在碳政策下的最优订购次数等于释放最小碳排放所对应的订购次数时,零售商能够实现高利润和低排放的双赢结果。
The stock optimization problem of perishable products under carbon policy is studied. Combining with the fact that the selling price of perishable goods changes with time and the actual situation that products will generate carbon emissions during ordering and storage, with the goal of maximizing the total profit of retailers during the limited planning period, Inventory Optimization Model. Analyze the relevant properties of the optimal solution of the model and solve the optimal ordering times of retailers under the carbon policy. Further, comparing the optimal order number with the corresponding order number when the retailer realizes the minimum carbon emission and the non-carbon constraint situation respectively, the conditions for retailers to achieve high profits and low emissions under the carbon policy are obtained. Finally, numerical examples are used to verify the theoretical results of the model, and the influence of relevant parameters on retailer inventory strategy is discussed. The results show that under the carbon quotas and trading policies, the existence of the unique optimal ordering strategy maximizes retailers ’total profit during the limited planning period. When retailers’ optimal ordering under the carbon policy is equal to the release of the minimum carbon Retailers are able to achieve a win-win result of high margins and low emissions when they are discharged.