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随着人日的迅速增长和人类对地球影响规模的空前扩大,资源尤其是水资源的开发与利用,已经成为一项重大的战略问题。对于城市而言,供水问题既突出,又尖锐。城市供水价格将决定着水库、输水渠道、水厂、管网、污水处理等各方投资收益,决定着居民、农民、工业企业、商业企业、事业单位、特种用水行业等各方利益分配格局,决定着市场供求关系。一个完善的、合理的水价体系与机制决定城市供水基础设施的整体效益,影响城市的可持续发展。 一、资源的开发利用 西安属资源性缺水城市。据对2001年及其前数年的水资源状况分析,全市地表水资源量为21.78亿立方米,地下水资源量为17.27亿立方米,扣除地表水和地下水之间的重复计算,水资源总量为26.66亿立方米。2001年全市人均占有水资源量仅为383立方米,分
With the rapid growth of mankind and the unprecedented expansion of mankind’s impact on the earth, the development and utilization of resources, especially water resources, has become a major strategic issue. For the city, the problem of water supply is outstanding and sharp. The price of urban water supply will determine the investment returns of all parties such as reservoirs, water distribution channels, waterworks, pipelines and sewage treatment, which determine the pattern of profit distribution among residents, farmers, industrial enterprises, commercial enterprises, public institutions and special water industries , Determines the market supply and demand. A sound and reasonable water pricing system and mechanism determine the overall benefits of urban water supply infrastructure and affect the sustainable development of cities. First, the development and utilization of resources Xi’an is a resource-poor cities. According to the analysis of the state of water resources in 2001 and the years before, the city’s total surface water resources amounted to 2.178 billion cubic meters and the groundwater resources amounted to 1.727 billion cubic meters. After deducting the double counting between surface water and groundwater, 2.666 billion cubic meters. In 2001, the city’s per capita water resources was only 383 cubic meters