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手斧(Acheulean技术传统的代表性器物)是中国旧石器考古学术界关注度最高的器物之一,手斧研究对探讨古人类的迁徙交流和生存适应具有重要意义。重庆所在的三峡地区是人类起源演化和文化发展的重要区域,长期以来未见模式2(Acheulean-like)标本的发现报道。本文介绍了重庆市大渡口区马王场、石盘村2处含手斧旧石器地点并对相关问题进行探讨,结合所处的河流阶地地层、器物组合以及与相关遗址对比推测其时代应分属旧石器时代早期和中期;对发现的手斧进行特征比较分析表明,石盘村手斧在形制特征和加工技术方面更倾向于“Acheulean手斧”类型,可能为外来文化影响或本土文化发展形成的类型;而马王场手斧则更接近“原手斧”类型,可能为本土砍砸器、手镐演变而来。
Hand ax (Acheulean representative of traditional technology) is one of the most concerned objects in Chinese Paleolithic archeology, hand ax research is of great significance to explore the exchange and survival of ancient human migration and accommodation. The Three Gorges area, where Chongqing is located, is an important area for the evolution and cultural development of mankind. For a long time, no discovery of Acheulean-like specimens has been reported. This paper introduces the site of Paleolithic with hand axes at Mawangdian and Maipan village in Dadukou district of Chongqing and discusses the related issues. According to the stratigraphy and the combination of objects in the river terraces and the comparison with the related sites, The comparative analysis of the characteristics of found hand axes shows that the stone axes of Shipantou village are more likely to be of the type “Acheulean Hand Ax” in terms of their features and processing techniques and may be formed by the influence of foreign cultures or native culture Type; while Ma Wang field hand ax is closer to “original hand ax ” type, may be local cut device, hand pick evolved.