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目的探讨赴北川抗震救灾部队官兵急性应激障碍(acute stress disorder,ASD)发生情况、临床特征及相关危险因素。方法采用自编一般情况问卷、创伤后应激反应症状自评量表(post-traumatic stress symptoms self-rating scale,PCL-C)、领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)、应对方式问卷(coping style questionnaires,SCSQ)对126名赴北川抗震救灾部队某部官兵进行评定,结合半结构式访谈,确定ASD组和对照组,进行对照分析及相关因素分析。结果救灾官兵ASD患病率为13.49%,主要症状表现为:反复闯入性痛苦性回忆,噩梦,创伤事件场景的重现,强烈的心理痛苦烦恼,兴趣下降,睡眠障碍和情绪不稳定。ASD主要症状之间相互影响,积极的应对方式和良好的社会支持可减少ASD的发生。结论在急性应激阶段(1个月)部分抗震救灾官兵已存在ASD症状,应加强必要的心理评估和综合性的心理干预,减缓灾难所致的心理创伤,预防和减少ASD转化为创伤后应激障碍(post-traumatic Stress disorder,PTSD)。
Objective To investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics and related risk factors of officers and soldiers in Beichuan earthquake-relief unit. Methods The self-rating scale (PCL-C), perceived social support scale (PSSS), coping style Questionnaires (cops style questionnaires, SCSQ) 126 officers and soldiers went to Beichuan earthquake relief unit assessment, combined with semi-structured interview to determine the ASD group and control group, the control analysis and related factors analysis. Results The prevalence of ASD was 13.49%. The main symptoms were recurrent intrusive painful memories, nightmares, recurrence of traumatic events, intense psychological distress, decreased interest, sleep disorders and emotional instability. The main symptoms of ASD interaction, positive coping styles and good social support can reduce the occurrence of ASD. Conclusion In the acute stress stage (1 month), some ASDs have been experiencing symptoms of ASD. Necessary psychological assessment and comprehensive psychological intervention should be strengthened to mitigate psychological trauma caused by catastrophic events. Prevention and reduction of ASD into post-traumatic Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).