目的研究河南新乡地区在校大学生左撇子的分布情况及遗传因素。方法以写字或用筷子等天生惯用左手为标准,对7 468名河南新乡地区大学生(其中男性3 380人,女性4 088人左撇子进行调查)。结果调查的7 468名大学生中,共有186名是左撇子,占总人数的2.49%;左撇子中男女比例1:1,χ2检验,P>0.05。在调查的左撇子人中有47人有遗传史,占左撇子总人数的25.30%,其中男性占40.43%,女性占59.57%,χ2检验,P>0.05。结论河南新乡地区在校大学生左撇子的比例较低,与遗传有一定的关系,但男性与女性左撇子在河南新乡地区的分布及遗传因素无统计学意义。 Objective To study the distribution and genetic factors of left-handed students in Xinxiang, Henan Province. Methods A total of 7 468 undergraduates (including 3 380 males and 4 088 females left-handed) were investigated in 7 468 Xinxiang areas of Henan Province by writing or using the familiar left-handed as the standard. Results Among the 7 468 undergraduates surveyed, 186 were left-handed, accounting for 2.49% of the total; men to females were 1: 1 in the left-handed group, χ2 test, P> 0.05. Of the left-handed individuals surveyed, 47 had a genetic history, accounting for 25.30% of the total number of left-handed individuals, of whom 40.43% were male, 59.57% were female, χ2 test, P> 0.05. Conclusion The proportion of left-handed students in undergraduates in Xinxiang of Henan Province is relatively low and has a certain relationship with heredity. However, the distribution and genetic factors of left-handed men and women in Xinxiang, Henan are not statistically significant.