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创新是人类文明进步的灵魂。人类社会的每一次革命性进步,都离不开创新和创新知识的传播。人类历史上发生的四次转移,都是由创新推动的。第一次是从动物世界向人类社会的转移,促进这次转移的是石器制造技术的创新和传播。第二次是从原始社会向农业社会的转移,促进这次转移的是原始农业知识的创新和传播。第三次是从农业社会向工业社会的转移,促成这次转移的是技术知识的创新和传播。第四次是从工业社会向知识社会的转移,促进这次转移的是科技知识的创新和传播。目前,人类社会正处在从工业社会向知识社会转移的过程中。从农业社会向工业社会的转移是第一次现代化,从工业社会向知识社会的转移是第二次现代化。我国要在2050年实现现代化,就必须向第二次现代化转移,而建设面向知识时代的国家创新体系,是我国实现第二次现代化的战略选择。
Innovation is the soul of human civilization and progress. Every revolutionary progress in human society can not be separated from the spread of innovation and innovation. Four shifts in human history have been driven by innovation. The first is the shift from the animal world to human society. The promotion of this shift is the innovation and dissemination of stone-making technology. The second is the transfer from primitive society to agricultural society. The promotion of this transfer is the innovation and dissemination of original agricultural knowledge. The third one is the transfer from agricultural society to industrial society. The transfer is the innovation and dissemination of technical knowledge. The fourth is the transfer from industrial society to knowledge society. The promotion of this transfer is the innovation and dissemination of scientific and technological knowledge. At present, human society is in the process of moving from industrial society to knowledge society. The transfer from agricultural society to industrial society is the first modernization, and the transfer from industrial society to knowledge society is the second modernization. In order to realize the modernization in 2050, our country must shift to the second modernization, and building a national innovation system facing the knowledge age is the strategic choice for our country to realize the second modernization.