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目的了解长春市儿童对肥胖、超重相关知识的认识情况及行为,为开展儿童肥胖、超重预防及干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取长春市14个行政区域,每个区域抽取1所小学,共14所小学的3~6年级3 515名学生,利用课题组自行编制的问卷进行调查。结果有效问卷3 515份,男生1 766人,占50.2%,女生1 749人,占49.8%,平均年龄(10.24±1.27)岁。知识均分仅在及格线上,男女及格率分别为60.9%和63.2%。知识知晓率低:知识完全掌握的有158(4.5%)人,其中,知道蛋白质、碳水化合物及维生素的最主要来源的学生比例分别为56.5%、26.0%、64.0%。在行为上,5.2%的学生从不参加课间活动,76.5%的学生每天都吃早餐,40.3%的学生晚餐吃得最多而丰盛,9.0%的学生每天连续用眼(计算机、电视、手机)1 h以上。结论长春市儿童对超重肥胖相关因素的认知度较低,不良行为发生率较高。学校、家庭、社区及有关部门应采取应对措施,防止儿童肥胖、超重的蔓延。
Objective To understand the cognition and behaviors of obese and overweight children in Changchun City and to provide the basis for developing obesity, overweight prevention and intervention in children. Methods A multistage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to extract 14 administrative regions in Changchun City. One primary school and 3 515 primary school students in grades 3-6 were drawn from each region. Based on the self-prepared questionnaire Investigate. Results There were 3 515 valid questionnaires, 1 766 boys, accounting for 50.2% and 1 749 girls, accounting for 49.8% of the total, with an average age of (10.24 ± 1.27) years. Knowledge sharing was only on the pass line, with the passing rate of 60.9% and 63.2% respectively. Knowledge awareness rate is low: 158 (4.5%) people have complete knowledge of the disease. Among them, 56.5%, 26.0% and 64.0% of the students were students with the most significant source of protein, carbohydrate and vitamins. In terms of behavior, 5.2% of students never participate in class activities, 76.5% of students eat breakfast every day, 40.3% of students eat the most and sumptuous dinner, and 9.0% of students use eyes (computer, TV and mobile phone) every day continuously. h above. Conclusion Children in Changchun City have a low awareness of the related factors of overweight and obesity, with a higher incidence of adverse reactions. Schools, families, communities and relevant departments should take countermeasures to prevent childhood obesity and overweight.