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登革病毒是蚊源性病原,保持于森林(非人灵长类/森林蚊子)和地方性流行(人类/城市/家周蚊子)循环中。由蚊媒介的人-人的传播在亚洲和美洲是病毒循环的通用方式,而在西非森林循环占优势。登革病毒的地方性流行方式源于森林登革病毒对家周/城市蚊子的适应。在2004-2007年,马来西亚在登革1型流行中分离到1株原型森林登革1型病毒。该病毒与哨猴株间外膜基因序列——核苷酸序列相似性>97%,氨基酸序列相似性99%。在55位点上仅有1个氨基酸差异,猴株是缬氨酸,人株是异白氨酸。病毒能被流行登革病毒1型感染的患者血清中和。该病毒的罕见分离表明来自只限于森林循环的一种有限的外溢感染。估计患者株序列进化率是5.2×10-4取代/位点/年。尼日利亚1965年从发热患者分离到3株森林病毒,遗传发生树表明不同于地方流行登革病毒并均在森林登革病毒区块内,表明外溢流行。埃及伊蚊在西非森林中表现偏动物倾向,在登革病毒森林扩大循环中的作用有限。
Dengue virus is a mosquito-borne pathogen, kept in circulation in forests (non-human primates / forest mosquitoes) and endemic (human / urban / weekly mosquito). Mosquito-mediated human-to-human transmission is a common way of circulating viruses in Asia and the Americas, while forest circulation is predominant in West Africa. The endemic approach to dengue virus stems from the adaptation of dengue virus to home-cycle / urban mosquitoes. In 2004-2007, one prototype dengue virus, Dengue, was isolated in Malaysia in the dengue type 1 epidemic. The virus and sentinel strains of epicardial gene sequence - nucleotide sequence similarity> 97%, amino acid sequence similarity 99%. There is only one amino acid difference at position 55, the monkey strain is valine and the human strain is isoleucine. The virus can be neutralized by sera from patients who are infected with dengue virus type 1. The rare isolation of the virus indicates a limited spillover from confined forest cycles. The estimated patient sequence evolution rate was 5.2 × 10-4 substitutions / site / year. Nigeria isolated three forest viruses from febrile patients in 1965, and the genetic tree showed a different epidemic of endemic dengue and all within the dengue dengue virus zone. Aedes aegypti exhibits a tendency to deviate animals in West African forests and has had a limited role in expanding the circulation of dengue viruses.