针对兰坪铅锌矿的开发带来水体污染的现实，对表层底泥重金属的化学形态及沿河流的分布规律进行了研究，结果表明，表层底泥中重金属以铁锰氧化物结合态为主，为较强的离子键结合态，在氧化还原电位正常及水中有足够氧时不易释放，但当水中溶解氧减少或水中ｐＨ值减少时将会引起底泥中重金属释放，造成水体污染，因此，提出沿河各污染源必须控制耗氧物质及酸性废水的排放 In view of the reality of water pollution brought by the development of the Lanping Pb-Zn deposit, the chemical forms of heavy metals in the surface sediments and the distribution along the rivers were studied. The results show that the heavy metals in the surface sediments are characterized by Fe-Mn oxides as The host, as a strong ionic bond state, is not easily released when the redox potential is normal and there is enough oxygen in the water. However, when the dissolved oxygen in the water decreases or the pH value in the water decreases, heavy metals will be released from the sediment, resulting in water pollution, Therefore, it is proposed that all sources of pollution along the river must control the discharge of oxygen-consuming substances and acidic wastewater