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目的 为了解临高县麻疹暴发流行的原因和特点,及时控制疫情。方法 运用描述流行病学方法,对暴发调查的个案资料进行整理分析。结果2001年3~4月临高县发生麻疹暴发流行,发病以村为单位,发生病例112例,占91.07%。用EILSA法进行血清学诊断5例,4例IgG阳性,阳性率为80%。疫情出现后立即对全县易感儿童进行应急接种麻疹疫苗,使疫情很快得到控制。结论 应急免疫是控制麻疹的有效措施。但由于疫情报告不及时,致使多个暴发点出现二代病例,控制疫情不能在最佳时间进行,导致暴发时间延长,疫情蔓延。基础免疫、加强免疫与监测工作均需加强。
Objective To understand the causes and characteristics of measles outbreak in Linge County and to control the outbreak in time. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the case data of the outbreak investigation. Results In March and April 2001, a measles outbreak was reported in Lingao County. The incidence of this disease was in the village. There were 112 cases, accounting for 91.07%. Serological diagnosis with EILSA 5 cases, 4 cases of IgG-positive, the positive rate was 80%. Immediately after the onset of the epidemic, vulnerable children in the county were vaccinated against measles and the epidemic was quickly brought under control. Conclusion Emergency immunization is an effective measure to control measles. However, as the epidemic situation was not reported in time, the second generation of outbreaks occurred and the control of outbreaks could not be carried out at the best time, resulting in an outbreak of an outbreak and an outbreak of epidemics. Basic immunization, strengthening of immunization and monitoring needs to be strengthened.