水电工程地质钻探工作中，一般除了钻进坚硬岩层外，通常还遇有松散的覆盖层（例如土层、砂层及砂卵石层等），为了在这两种地层中顺利钻进，需要采用不同的钻进方法。常规钻探设备只用单一回转钻探方法钻穿较厚的覆盖层，由于钻进速度慢，设备磨损大，取样及成井工艺都较困难。岩心钻探，对坚硬岩层均采用回转式钻探方法，但是根据岩石的破碎原理，如果研究采用振动、冲击、回转、静压这种十分理想的钻探方法，也将会有广阔的发展前途，要使钻机结构适应新工艺的需要，是我 Hydropower Engineering Geological drilling generally involves the addition of loose cover (such as soil, sand and gravel, etc.) in addition to drilling hard rock formations. For smooth drilling in both formations, it is necessary to use Different drilling methods. Conventional drilling equipment drills thicker overburdens using only a single rotary drilling method, which is difficult due to slow drilling speeds, large equipment wear, and sample and well completion processes. Core drilling and rotary drilling are used for both hard rock formations. However, according to the principle of rock fragmentation, there is also a promising future if the research is to use very ideal drilling methods such as vibration, impact, revolution and hydrostatic pressure. Rig structure to adapt to the needs of new technology, is me