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目的:综合评价新生儿的出生质量,并进一步分析新生儿出生质量的影响因素,为卫生保健部门有效开展妇幼卫生工作提供理论依据。方法:随机选取到潍坊市4家不同级别的医院分娩或就诊的新生儿为调查对象。自行设计调查表,由妇幼专业人员采用面对面访谈的形式获取资料。应用均数、标准差及构成比等指标对新生儿出生质量进行描述,用四格表χ2、R×C列表的χ2检验分析可能的影响因素。结果:460例新生儿的各项形态学指标均在正常值范围内;小于胎龄儿、适于胎龄儿和大于胎龄儿分别占9.78%、86.52%、3.70%。新生儿出生质量与新生儿基本特征、母亲因素及家族史三方面有关。影响新生儿出生质量的因素包括分娩方式、宫内生长发育情况、母亲异常孕产史、妊娠合并症或并发症、是否患病或感染病毒5个因素。结论:针对性开展妇幼保健工作有利于提高新生儿的出生质量。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the birth quality of newborns comprehensively and to further analyze the influencing factors of newborns’ birth quality so as to provide theoretical basis for effective implementation of MCH work in health care departments. Methods: Were randomly selected to Weifang City, four different levels of hospital delivery or treatment of newborns as the survey. Self-designed questionnaires, maternal and child health professionals to use face-to-face form of access to information. The mean birth weight, standard deviation and composition ratio were used to describe the birth quality of newborn infants. The possible influencing factors were analyzed by using χ2 test of chi square and chi square test. Results: The morphological indexes of 460 newborns were all within the normal range. Children younger than gestational age, gestational age and gestational age accounted for 9.78%, 86.52% and 3.70% respectively. Neonatal birth quality and basic characteristics of newborns, mothers and family history of three aspects. Factors affecting the birth quality of newborns include the mode of delivery, intrauterine growth and development, maternal abnormal motherhood history, pregnancy complications or complications, whether the disease or the virus infection five factors. Conclusion: The targeted maternal and child health care work is helpful to improve the birth quality of the newborn.