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目的评价Ｘ线、Ｂ超及ＣＴ对原发性输尿管癌诊断的价值与限度。方法分析３例经手术病理证实的原发性输尿管癌的Ｘ线、Ｂ超及ＣＴ表现；２例ＣＴ扫描时采取平扫加增强及薄层扫描技术，并行肾盂穿刺或尿道膀胱灌注。结果逆行肾盂输尿管造影提出诊断者１例，另２例静脉肾盂造影仅见于肾盂积水。Ｂ超提出或帮助诊断者２例，另１例仅见于肾盂积水，输尿管扩张。ＣＴ扫描２例，均见输尿管狭窄、梗阻段管壁不规则增厚及软组织块。结论影像学检查特别是ＣＴ扫描对原发性输尿管癌的诊断起着重要的作用，联合应用Ｘ线、Ｂ超及ＣＴ检查可提高诊断水平。
Objective To evaluate the value and limit of X-ray, B-ultrasound and CT in the diagnosis of primary ureteral cancer. Methods Three cases of primary ureteral carcinoma confirmed by surgery and pathology were analyzed by X-ray, B-mode ultrasonography and CT. Two cases underwent CT scan with plain scan and contrast-enhanced thin-layer scanning and pelvic peritoneal perfusion. The results retrograde pyelography was diagnosed in 1 case, the other 2 cases of intravenous pyelography only found in hydronephrosis. B-scan to help or diagnosed in 2 cases, the other was found only in hydronephrosis, ureteral dilatation. CT scan in 2 cases, both were ureteral stricture, obstruction segment irregular thickening of the wall and soft tissue mass. Conclusion Radiographic examination, especially CT scan, plays an important role in the diagnosis of primary ureteral cancer. The combination of X-ray, B-ultrasound and CT can improve the diagnosis.