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近年来，激光二极管泵浦的Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光器（ＤＰＬ）以其诸多优点引起人们的关注，因此开发小型和高效率，适用于ＤＰＬ中的声光Ｑ开关（ＭＡＯＱ）成为重要的研究方向。据文献报道，以熔石英玻璃为声光介质，研制成功的ＭＡＯＱ，工作在Ｂｒａｇｇ衍射区，驱动功率１～５Ｗ，衍射效率１０％－３０％可调。本文从激光原理出发，详细地探讨ＭＡＯＱ的工作原理；对声光互作用长度的选取进行了分析；对入射角与衍射损耗进行了实验研究。针对ＭＡＯＱ的设计难点，选取重火石玻璃为ＭＡＯＱ的材料，将其设计在过渡衍射区，使入射角为零。当驱动功率４Ｗ时，对１．０６μｍ的光波，衍射损耗效率为２６％。
In recent years, laser diode-pumped Nd: YAG lasers (DPLs) have attracted much attention due to their advantages. Therefore, the development of small-sized and high-efficiency acousto-optic Q-switches (MAOQs) suitable for use in DPLs has become an important research field. According to the literature, using fused silica glass as the acousto-optic medium, a successful MAOQ was developed and operated in the Bragg diffracting zone with a driving power of 1 ~ 5W and a diffraction efficiency of 10% -30%. In this paper, starting from the principle of laser, the working principle of MAOQ is discussed in detail; the selection of the length of acousto-optic interaction is analyzed; the incident angle and diffraction loss are experimentally studied. Aiming at the design difficulty of MAOQ, the material of heavy flint glass is MAOQ, which is designed in the transition diffracting area so that the incident angle is zero. When the driving power is 4W, the diffraction loss efficiency is 26% for 1.06μm light waves.