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生殖干细胞是唯一能够将遗传物质传给下一代的成体干细胞。果蝇的雌性生殖干细胞是一个非常成熟的用来研究干细胞自身不对称分裂的系统,来自微环境的信号控制其增殖和分化。果蝇的生殖干细胞受到转录水平、转录后水平、mRNA翻译水平和蛋白质水平的精确调控,多年来的研究表明很多翻译相关的RNA结合蛋白的突变都会导致果蝇的生殖干细胞提前分化或者不分化。综述了mRNA翻译水平调控与果蝇生殖干细胞命运决定的关系,特别是该领域近年来的一些重大进展,并讨论了翻译水平调控参与果蝇生殖干细胞命运决定的可能具体分子机制。
Germline stem cells are the only adult stem cells that can pass on genetic material to the next generation. Drosophila female reproductive stem cells are a very mature system for studying the asymmetric division of stem cells themselves. Signals from the microenvironment control their proliferation and differentiation. Drosophila germline stem cells are regulated by transcriptional level, posttranscriptional level, mRNA translation level and protein level. Over the years, studies have shown that many translation-related RNA-binding protein mutations lead to early differentiation or undifferentiation of germinal stem cells in Drosophila melanogaster. This review summarizes the relationship between mRNA translation level regulation and the fate decision of Drosophila germline stem cells, especially some major advances in this area in recent years. It also discusses possible molecular mechanisms involved in translational regulation in the fate decision of Drosophila germline stem cells.