急性肾小球肾炎是一种免疫反应性疾病。近十多年来,由于肾穿刺、电镜和免疫荧光技术的应用,使肾小球疾病的研究取得了较大的进展。但这些方法不仅要有特定的设备和较复杂的技术操作,而且对患儿有一定的损害,故不易推广。1979年以来,我们应用简单易行、且无损伤性的免疫学方法,对急性肾炎的免疫机理和鉴别诊断作了初步探索,现将其结果报告如下: Acute glomerulonephritis is an immunoreactive disease. In recent ten years, due to renal puncture, electron microscopy and immunofluorescence technology, the glomerular disease research has made great progress. However, these methods not only require specific equipment and more complicated technical operations, but also have some damage to children, so they are not easy to popularize. Since 1979, we have explored the immune mechanism and differential diagnosis of acute nephritis using simple and noninvasive immunological methods. The results are reported as follows: