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目的:采用GC-MS法分析苗药黑龙骨地上茎的挥发性成分。方法:以黑龙骨地上茎的95%乙醇提取物及其干燥粉末作为分析材料进行GC-MS法测定,结合Nist2005和Wiley275对分离出的化合物进行鉴定,并采用归一法计算各组分的相对百分含量。结果:从黑龙骨地上茎的醇提物及其粉末中分别分离鉴定出26个和39个化合物,共计62个化合物(相同化合物3个),其中有41个脂肪族类化合物(含14个醛、3个酮、6个酸、8个酯、2个醇、8个烷烃类化合物),7个芳香族类化合物,6个萜类化合物,8个其他类型化合物(含1个环烯、6个杂环和1个甾醇化合物);相对含量较高的为己醛(22.90%)、3-氧代乌苏-12-烯-24-甲酸甲酯(16.80%)、5-羟甲基-2-糠醛(10.80%)、棕榈酸(9.20%)、2-正戊基呋喃(8.01%)、β-香树脂醇(7.86%)等。结论:黑龙骨地上茎经乙醇提取后可以检测到分子量相对较大的化合物,而其粉末经固相微萃取可以检测到分子量相对小的挥发性化合物,采用不同处理后的供试样品可以更为全面地反映黑龙骨地上茎的挥发性化学成分。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the volatile constituents of the aboveground stems of Miaojiao Heilongjiang by GC-MS. Methods: The 95% ethanol extract of the above-ground stem of black keel and its dry powder were determined by GC-MS. The isolated compounds were identified by Nist2005 and Wiley275, and the relative percentage of each component was calculated by normalization Sub-content. Results: Twenty-six and thirty-nine compounds were isolated and identified from the ethanol extract and powder of the above-ground black stem, respectively. A total of 62 compounds (3 of the same compounds) were isolated, of which 41 were aliphatic compounds (including 14 aldehydes, 3 ketones, 6 acids, 8 esters, 2 alcohols, 8 alkanes), 7 aromatics, 6 terpenoids, 8 other types of compounds Heterocyclic ring and one sterol compound); the higher relative content of hexanal (22.90%), methyl 3-oxo-W-12-ene-24-carboxylate - furfural (10.80%), palmitic acid (9.20%), 2-n-pentyl furan (8.01%), β-amyrin (7.86%) and the like. CONCLUSION: The compounds with relatively high molecular weight can be detected by ethanol extraction on the aerial stem of the black keel, while the volatile compounds with relatively small molecular weight can be detected by SPME. The samples treated with different treatments can be more comprehensive Reflect the chemical composition of the ground stem of black keel volatile.