一引论在西方语言哲学发展进程中,整体主义认识理论占有相当重要的地位。原因在于整体主义认识论不是纯粹哲学家关在书斋里冥思苦想出来的深奥观念和思辨命题,它是由哲人科学家立足于科学的土地,对传统的科学认识论和方法论的批判性的审查中,获取的生气勃勃的科学哲学。诸多哲学家对此都有独特的见地,如迪昂(Duhem)、维特根斯坦(Wittgensitein)、奎因(Quine),等等。 I. INTRODUCTION In the process of the development of western language philosophy, holism theory occupies a very important position. The reason is that Holistic epistemology is not a profound concept and speculative proposition that pure philosophers meditate on in the study room. It is achieved by philosophers who are based on the land of science and get angry at the critical review of traditional scientific epistemology and methodology Scientific philosophy. Many philosophers have unique views about this, such as Duhem, Wittgensitein, Quine, and others.