复合材料是20世纪最重要的人工材料之一,也是继金属、陶瓷、高分子材料之后的第4类材料。复合材料是由2种或2种以上材料复合而成的,组分材料间具有明显界面,能够充分发挥组分材料各自的优势,并能获得各组分材料所不具备的性能。复合材料的发展源于国防、航空航天领域需求的牵引,经过研发与应用水平的提高而不断更新换代后,被推广到船舰、交通、能源 Composites are one of the most important artificial materials in the 20th century and are also the fourth type of material after metal, ceramics and polymer materials. Composites are composed of two or more than two kinds of materials, with obvious interface between the component materials, which can give full play to the respective advantages of the component materials and obtain the properties that the component materials do not have. The development of composite materials originated from the needs of national defense and aerospace industry. After the continuous upgrading of R & D and application levels, the composite materials have been extended to shipbuilding, transportation and energy sources