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目的了解大连市沙河口区学生视力不良发病规律,为防治中小学生视力不良提供依据。方法整群抽取大连市沙河口区具有代表性的4所小学、4所中学,按照卫生部《学校卫生监督监测情况年报表填报说明及技术规范》的统一要求,以及辽宁省卫生防疫站制订的中小学生视力监测要求进行检测。结果25a来,学生视力不良率增长幅度为100.52%,男生高于女生,小学生高于中学生;男、女生平均视力2005年明显低于1985年。从视力不良构成看,随年度的增加,轻度视力不良所占比例降低,而中度及重度视力不良所占比例升高。结论中小学生视力不良率呈逐年上升趋势,小学生视力不良率增长幅度和平均视力下降幅度均大于中学生。应加强小学阶段的预防视力不良工作,控制视力不良的发生和发展。
Objective To understand the incidence of poor eyesight of students in Shahekou District of Dalian City and to provide evidence for preventing primary and secondary school students from having bad eyesight. Methods A total of 4 primary and 4 secondary schools in Shahekou District of Dalian were collected by cluster sampling. According to the unified requirements of the Ministry of Health, “Formulation and Specifications of Annual Report on Health Surveillance and Supervision of Schools” and the requirements of the Health and Epidemic Prevention Station of Liaoning Province Primary school vision monitoring requirements for testing. Results 25a, the rate of vision failure rate of students increased by 100.52%, boys than girls, primary school students than secondary school students; boys and girls average visual acuity in 2005 was significantly lower than in 1985. From the view of poor eyesight, with the increase of the year, the proportion of mildly-poor eyesight decreases while the proportion of moderate-to-severe-poor eyesight increases. Conclusions The rate of poor eyesight in primary and middle school students is increasing year by year. The rate of increase in the rate of poor eyesight and the average rate of vision loss in primary school students are all higher than those in secondary school students. Should be strengthened in primary school to prevent poor eyesight work to control the occurrence and development of poor eyesight.