目的探讨医学生自杀意念影响因素,为相关院校采取早期干预措施提供依据。方法检索Pub Med、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中文科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)及万方数据库,收集2000年以来公开发表的有关医学生自杀意念的文章,检索关键词包括自杀或自杀意念(Suicide or Suicidal ideation)、影响因素(influence factors)、医学生或大学生(Medical students or College students)。应用Stata 11.0软件进行统计分析,合并不同条件下的自杀意念报告率,并报告影响因素的合并OR(95%CI)值。结果共纳入22篇文献,累计研究对象40 320人。Meta分析发现,医学生总体自杀意念报告率为12.9%(95%CI=9.7%~16.1%),既往自杀意念报告率为17.7%(95%CI=12.6%~22.9%),1 a自杀意念报告率为7.9%(95%CI=4.8%~10.9%),1周自杀意念报告率为9.7%(95%CI=3.4%~16.0%)。独生子女(OR=1.214,95%CI=1.042~1.415)、特殊家庭(OR=1.399,95%CI=1.187~1.650)是自杀意念的危险因素。结论应重点关注来自特殊家庭及独生子女医学生,采取综合干预措施减少医学生的自杀意念。 Objective To explore the influencing factors of medical students’ suicidal ideation and provide evidences for the early interventions of related institutions. Methods PubMed, CBM, VIP, CNKI and Wanfang database were searched to collect articles about suicide ideation of medical students published since 2000, Search keywords include Suicide or Suicidal ideation, influence factors, Medical students or College students. The Stata 11.0 software was used for statistical analysis, combined with reporting rates of suicidal ideation under different conditions and reporting the combined OR (95% CI) values ​​of the influencing factors. Results A total of 22 articles were included, with a total of 40 320 subjects. Meta-analysis showed that the reported rates of suicide ideation were 12.9% (95% CI = 9.7% ~ 16.1%), 17.7% (95% CI = 12.6% ~ 22.9%) for suicide ideation, The reported rate was 7.9% (95% CI = 4.8% -10.9%) and one week was 9.7% (95% CI = 3.4% ~ 16.0%). Only children (OR = 1.214, 95% CI = 1.042-1.415) and special families (OR = 1.399, 95% CI = 1.187-1.650) were risk factors for suicidal ideation. Conclusions Should pay special attention to medical students from special families and only child, to take comprehensive interventions to reduce the suicidal ideation of medical students.