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马克思国际贸易理论是马克思主义经济学的重要组成部分,主要由国际价值理论和对外贸易政策理论两部分构成。马克思深刻揭示了国际贸易中存在商品交换不平等现象的本质原因,并指出,只要国家之间生产力发展水平的重大差距不消失,这种交换的不平等就不会根本消除。因此,改变我国在国际贸易交换过程中的被动地位,实现外贸增长方式的转变,就必须加快自主技术创新速度,加强自主知识产权的确立与保护,在贸易战略上实现由“比较优势”向“竞争优势”的转变。同时,要调整外资引进和利用方式,从追求“数量型”向重视“质量型”转变。
Marxist international trade theory is an important part of Marxist economics, which is mainly composed of two parts: international value theory and foreign trade policy. Marx profoundly revealed the essential causes of the inequality of commodity exchange in international trade and pointed out that as long as the major gap in the level of productivity development between countries does not disappear, the inequality in such exchange will not be eliminated at all. Therefore, to change our country’s passive position in the process of international trade exchange and realize the transformation of the growth mode of foreign trade, we must speed up the pace of independent technological innovation, strengthen the establishment and protection of our own intellectual property rights, and implement the trade strategy of “comparative advantage” To “competitive advantage” change. At the same time, it is necessary to adjust the ways of introducing and utilizing foreign investment and change from pursuing “quantity ” to “quality ”.