论文部分内容阅读
在全球高差最大的巴丹吉林沙漠发现了沙山斜坡上的表层径流物理沉积及化学沉积、沙山洼地罕见的地表超渗径流和沙山底部泉水溪流.根据电镜观察、能谱分析、入渗实验、含水量测定和粒度分析等资料,研究了表层径流化学沉积物的矿物和化学组成、物理沉积物的粒度组成、沙山区水分平衡、大气降水对地下水与湖水的补给条件和补给机制.超渗径流与表层径流的存在表明,该区存在能够为地下水提供补给来源的较强有效降雨过程.各种表层径流物理沉积与化学沉积、泉水溪流、超渗径流与含量为3~6%的重力水等8项科学证据十分可靠地从深层次上证明,该区降水通过入渗达到了沙山的底部,已经对地下水构成了补给.新生方解石和石膏等径流化学沉积物和灰黑色物理沉积物以及径流沉积扇形地演化的阶段性均指示该区大气降水对地下水的补给不是偶然的降水事件造成的,具有长期补给性.细粒层的隔水性是该区地下径流出露于地表的原因.沙山区具有一定有效降水能够提供水分补给源、沙层的高入渗率能够将大气降水快速转化沙层水、植被稀少蒸腾量少、沙层受蒸发影响深度小降低了蒸发对水分的消耗、沙层含有运移较快的重力水是该区水分出现正平衡和大气降水能够补给地下水的5个因素,这5个因素的共同作用构成了该区大气降水向地下水的补给机制,为地下水和湖泊提供了水分补给来源.本文对国内外沙漠区水循环、地下水补给条件、补给动力和补给机制的研究具有重要参考意义.
The physical and chemical depositions of surface runoff and sediments on sandy slopes were found in the Badanjilin Desert with the highest altitude in the world, and the rare surface run-off flow and the spring streams at the bottom of sand hills were found in Shashan depression.According to the electron microscope observation, Experiments, determination of water content and particle size analysis of the surface runoff chemical sediment mineral and chemical composition, physical sediment particle size composition, water balance in Shashan District, atmospheric precipitation on groundwater and lake recharge conditions and recharge mechanism. The existence of seepage-runoff and surface runoff shows that there is a strong and effective rainfall process in this area, which can provide a source of recharge for groundwater. Various surface runoff physical deposition and chemical deposition, spring streams, ultra-seepage runoff and gravity with 3 ~ 6% Water and other eight scientific evidence is very reliable from a deep level that the infiltration of the area reached the bottom of the sand hill, which has formed a supply of groundwater .Neonatal calcite and gypsum runoff chemical sediment and ash black physical sediment As well as the stage of fan-shaped evolution of runoff sedimentation indicate that it is not accidental that recharge of groundwater by atmospheric precipitation in this area Water events caused by long-term recharge .Filler granularity of the water is the underground runoff in the area exposed to the surface of the reasons.Sashan area has some effective rainfall to provide water supply, sand infiltration rate of the high permeability of the atmosphere Precipitation rapid conversion of sand water, vegetation less transpiration, less affected by the evaporation depth of the sand reduces the evaporation of water consumption, the sand layer contains more rapid movement of gravity is the water balance in the area and atmospheric precipitation can recharge Five factors of groundwater and the combination of these five factors constitute the recharge mechanism of atmospheric precipitation to groundwater in this area and provide a source of water supply for groundwater and lakes.This paper analyzes the water cycle, groundwater recharge conditions, Research on supply mechanism has important reference value.