目的　探讨枯否细胞在大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH）发病中的作用。方法 19只雄性SD大鼠随机分为模型组（10只）和正常组（9只），分别予高脂肪饮食和标准饮食饲养12周。HE染色观察肝组织切片病理学改变，透射电镜和溶菌酶免疫组织化学染色观察枯否细胞的数量和形态。结果模型组大鼠均出现肥胖、高脂血症伴肝细胞大泡性脂肪变、小叶内炎症细胞浸润和坏死。与正常组相比，模型组肝小叶内枯否细胞数显著增加，并呈活化状态；模型组枯否细胞变化与其肝病理学改变相一致。结论高脂饮食大鼠肝脏枯否细胞增多，并可能与其脂肪性肝炎的发病有关。“,”Objective To explore the role of Kupffer cells in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) by means of rat model. Methods Nineteen male SD rats were randomized into model group (n=10) and normal group (n=9), with a high-fat diet and standard diet for 12 weeks, respectively. Routine histologic features of hepatic section were observed by HE staining. The number and shape of Kupffer cells in the liver were detected by immunohistochemistry and penetrated electron microscope, respectively. Results All rats of model group developed NASH, which was characterized by obesity and hyperlipidemia. Histopathological examination showed hepatocellular macrovesicular steatosis, lobular inflammatory cell infiltration and necrosis. Compared with normal group, the count of Kupffer cells in the liver was largely increased, and the Kupffer cells in the model group were activated to some extent. Furthermore, these changes of Kupffer cells were in accordance with the degree of steatosis, inflammation and necrosis in the liver of the model group. Conclusion The number and activity of Kupffer cells are increased significantly in NASH induced by high-fat diet, and Kupffer cells might be involved in the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis.