我国是稀土生产和出口第一大国。近年来,稀土价格大幅波动,稀土开发引起的环境污染,使我国稀土行业发展陷入保护稀土资源与保持国际市场优势地位、控制稀土开采与保障地方经济发展的双重“两难”局面。目前,我国粗放式的资源利用方式已经难以为继,亟须尽快作出调整,逐步实现稀土等重要资源利用的战略转变。 China is the largest producer and exporter of rare earths. In recent years, the price of rare earth fluctuates greatly and the environmental pollution caused by the development of rare earth makes the development of China’s rare earth industry fall into the double “dilemma ” situation of protecting rare earth resources and keeping the international market dominant and controlling rare earth mining and local economic development. At present, the extensive mode of resource utilization in our country has been unsustainable. It is urgent to make adjustments as soon as possible and gradually realize the strategic transformation of the utilization of rare earths and other important resources.