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钢中存在的金属元素或半金属元素(砷、锑、铋、硒、碲、锡等)都会对钢的性质起着积极的或消极的作用。砷(类似于磷)会降低钢的延展性,砷含量过高,钢的脆性就增大。铋也有这种性质,如果钢中的铋含量超过0.0002％,在冷加工时就可能断裂。锑也会降低钢的延展性,不过在低合金钢中加入一定锑,便能提高钢对酸环境的抗腐蚀能力。硒(类似于硫)加入无合金易切削钢及合金钢中可改善机械加工性能。利用碲能有效稳定碳化
The presence of metal elements or semi-metallic elements in steel (arsenic, antimony, bismuth, selenium, tellurium, tin, etc.) will play a positive or negative role in the properties of the steel. Arsenic (similar to phosphorus) will reduce the ductility of the steel, the arsenic content is too high, steel brittleness increases. Bismuth also has this property. If the content of bismuth in steel exceeds 0.0002%, it may break during cold working. Antimony will also reduce the ductility of steel, but adding a certain antimony in low alloy steel, can improve the corrosion resistance of steel to acid environment. Selenium (similar to sulfur) added to the free alloy free-cutting steel and alloy steel can improve the machining performance. The use of tellurium can effectively stabilize carbonation