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本文研究了超声波辐照下聚乙烯醇(PVA)在水溶液中的降解规律,结果表明PVA在水溶液中的超声降解速率遵循Baramboim动力学方程.本文还研究了丙烯腈(AN)与PVA在水溶液中的超声波辐照共聚反应.改变超声辐照时间或溶液中AN的量,可得到水溶性和水不溶性两类共聚物.用IR、MS、PGC和X-射线衍射研究了共聚物的结构,证明所得产物主要为嵌段共聚物.在2%的PVA/AN(1/1.6,质量比)水溶液中,以频率为21.5kHz、声强为490W的超声波在20±1℃下辐照28min,水溶性共聚物产率[共聚物产率=(共聚物重/PVA加入量)×100%〕为25.49%,共聚物中AN含量为13.98%;在相同条件下,对2%的PVA/AN(1/4,质量比)水溶液,辐照100min,水不溶性共聚物产率为296.01%,共聚物中AN含量为75.56%.
In this paper, the degradation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in aqueous solution under ultrasonic irradiation was studied.The results showed that the ultrasonic degradation rate of PVA in aqueous solution obeys the dynamic equation of Baramboim.The effects of acrylonitrile (AN) and PVA in aqueous solution The results showed that the copolymers were soluble in water and insoluble in water by changing the time of ultrasonic irradiation or the amount of AN in solution.The structure of copolymer was studied by IR, MS, PGC and X-ray diffraction The obtained product was mainly block copolymer.Under the condition of 2% PVA / AN (1 / 1.6, mass ratio) aqueous solution, it was irradiated with ultrasonic wave with the frequency of 21.5kHz and sound intensity of 490W at 20 ± 1 ℃ for 28min, The yield of the copolymer was 25.49%, the content of AN in the copolymer was 13.98%; the yield of copolymer was 2% of PVA / AN (1 / 4, the mass ratio) aqueous solution, irradiated 100min, the water insoluble copolymer yield was 296.01%, the copolymer AN content was 75.56%.