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一、引言2005年,联邦政府实施了一项新的原住民政策,撤销了土著人和托雷斯海峡岛上居民委员会(the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission,以下简称ATSIC),将为原住民社群提供服务的职责移交给主流政府部门。1989年联邦《土著人和托雷斯海峡岛上居民委员会法案》(以下简称ATSIC法案)建立了一个原住民治理结构,经由这一治理结构,原住民代表在联邦政府做出原住民社群服务提供和资源分配的决策方面,扮演着重要的角色。ATSIC由一套选举制度选出的国家和地区代表组成。这种组织结构清晰地认识到,政府社会服务决策的制定需要最高程度的原住民参与。当前政策废除了这一代表制度,并丝毫不涉及原住民治理。它遵循联邦政府的“实际协调”(practical reconciliation)指导原则,提倡关注旨在削减原住民劣势的实际措施。本文主张,要达到实际效果,政府政策应当考虑如何最好地促进国家、地区和地方层面不可避免的原住民治理实践。AT-
I. INTRODUCTION In 2005, the federal government implemented a new Aboriginal policy that abolished the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC), which will provide Aboriginal communities Service responsibilities transferred to the mainstream government departments. In 1989, the Federal Act of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders Commission established an aboriginal governance structure through which indigenous representatives make available to the federal government community service provision and The decision-making aspects of resource allocation play an important role. ATSIC consists of representatives of countries and regions elected by a system of electoral systems. This organizational structure clearly recognizes that the formulation of government social service decisions requires the highest degree of Indigenous participation. The current policy abolished this system of representation and did not involve aboriginal governance at all. It follows the federal “practical reconciliation” guidelines and advocates for attention to practical measures aimed at reducing Aboriginal disadvantage. This paper argues that to achieve practical results, government policies should consider how to best promote inevitable aboriginal governance practices at the national, regional and local levels. AT-