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1 Introduction Esophageal cancer is one of the major malignant diseases in China and its etiology isstill unclear. Some reports have shown that trace elements play important roles in thecausation and development of the cancer. Hair is generally considered to be an indicarorof the trace elements in human bodies. The contents of trace elements in human scalphair can be determined by means of proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), a novel tech-
1 Introduction Esophageal cancer is one of the major malignant diseases in China and its etiology isstill unclear. Some reports have shown that trace elements play important roles in thecausation and development of the cancer. Hair is widely considered to be an indicarorof the trace elements in human Bodies. The contents of trace elements in human scalphair can be determined by means of proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), a novel tech-