线路质量相对于其特性是很重要的，它决定着列车运行的舒适性和线路的稳定性，也决定着维修措施的功效。制定维修措施和分析线路状态需要一些客观数据。许多国家的铁路工务部门将线路纵向高度误差的标准偏差作为分析值，这种方法已证明是适宜的。线路经过维修、大修和改造后， The quality of the line relative to its characteristics is very important, it determines the train running comfort and line stability, but also determines the effectiveness of maintenance measures. Developing maintenance measures and analyzing route status requires some objective data. In many countries, the railway works department has taken the standard deviation of the vertical height error of the line as the analytical value, and this method has proved to be suitable. After the line repair, overhaul and transformation,