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目的了解有机溶剂对作业女工健康的影响,为制定防护措施提供依据。方法 2015年3月—11月,采用随机数字表法抽取56家企业中直接接触有机溶剂作业1年以上的100名女工作为接触组,选择某食品企业不接触有机溶剂的98名女工为对照组,收集所有女工上午空腹静脉血6 mL,分别检测血常规、生殖激素水平,对结果进行分析。结果在部分生产车间测出空气中有“三苯”存在,一些作业点苯、甲苯浓度已超过国家标准限值。接触组白细胞水平异常率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。卵泡期接触组女工LH、P水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组女工在黄体期的生殖激素水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。接触组不同工龄女工生殖激素水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论有机溶剂对女工造血系统、生殖激素水平均有影响,应加强对有机溶剂作业女工的劳动保护。
Objective To understand the effect of organic solvents on the health of working women workers and to provide the basis for formulating protective measures. Methods From March to November 2015, 100 women workers who had been in direct contact with organic solvents for more than one year in 56 enterprises were selected as the exposure group by random number table method, and 98 women workers who did not touch organic solvents in a food enterprise were selected as the control group Group, collected all female worker fasting venous blood 6 mL, were measured blood levels of reproductive hormones, the results were analyzed. As a result, there were some “triphenyl” in the air measured in some production workshops. The concentration of benzene and toluene in some operations exceeded the national standard limit. The abnormal rate of leukocyte in contact group was higher than that in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The levels of LH and P in female workers in the follicular phase were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the reproductive hormones between the two groups in the luteal phase (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in reproductive hormones between female and female workers in the exposure group (P> 0.05). Conclusion Organic solvents have an impact on the hematopoietic system and reproductive hormones of female workers. Labor protection should be strengthened for female workers working in organic solvents.