20世纪70年代美国的油价控制政策源于控制通货膨胀,为此形成了相当的利益集团。石油危机爆发后,为摆脱其影响及免遭另一次可能的石油危机冲击,美国三届政府采取了系列措施,核心是解除油价控制。由于涉及的利益主体众多,围绕它的斗争贯穿了70年代中后期,并在很大程度上决定了福特、卡特两届政府能源政策的面貌和效果。 In the 1970s, the U.S. oil price control policy was derived from controlling inflation, thus forming a considerable interest group. After the oil crisis broke out, in order to shake off its impact and avoid another possible oil shock, the three U.S. governments adopted a series of measures with the core of lifting oil price control. Due to the large number of stakeholders involved, the struggle around it runs through the mid-to-late 1970s and largely determines the appearance and effect of Ford and Carter’s two-term government energy policy.