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南非地区充分估价了铀在解决世界能源问题上所处的重要地位,认为有必要继续在铀矿加工方面进行深入研究。近几年来虽然金、铀价格迅速上涨,但南非地区金矿开采费用也前所未有地增加了。鉴于这些经济动向,重新审查了从威特瓦特斯兰德矿石中回收铀、金和黄铁矿的现行流程,从而确定了苦干有价值的研究课题。南非地区在铀矿加工方面现在所研究的主要课题是:1)在物理富集方面有浮选、重选和湿式强磁分离;2)推广“反浸法”的应用,由于该法是先用酸浸铀,因而改善了随后金的提取;3)浸出时采用较高的浸出温度和较高的三价铁离子浓度以提高铀的浸出率,并从返回液中产生三价铁离子;4)用加压浸出法从低品位矿石和精矿中回收铀;5)研制一种能处理稀矿浆的连续离子交换设备,以便用简单而经济的固液分离法代替费钱的过滤和澄清工序;6)改进浸出时添加硫酸和二氧化锰的控制仪表。本文简要介绍了这些新的或改进的加工技术的主要特点,以便在现有的或未来的铀工厂采用。
South Africa fully assessed the uranium’s important role in solving the world’s energy problems and considered it necessary to continue its in-depth study on uranium processing. Although gold and uranium prices have rapidly risen in recent years, the cost of gold mining in South Africa has also risen unprecedentedly. In the light of these economic developments, the current process of recovering uranium, gold and pyrite from the Wittelslander ore has been re-examined, setting a valuable research topic. The main topics now being studied in South Africa for uranium ore processing are: 1) flotation, reelection and wet ferromagnetism separation in physical enrichment; 2) promotion of “anti-dipping” applications, 3) leaching with higher leaching temperature and higher ferric ion concentration to increase the leaching rate of uranium and produce ferric iron from the return fluid Ions; 4) recovery of uranium from low-grade ores and concentrates by pressure leaching; 5) development of a continuous ion exchange apparatus capable of handling dilute slurries in order to replace costly filtration with simple and economical solid-liquid separation And clarification process; 6) improve the leaching of sulfuric acid and manganese dioxide added control instrumentation. This article gives a brief overview of the key features of these new or improved machining technologies for use in existing or future uranium plants.