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1960年Nowell和Hungerford在慢性粒细胞白血病（下简称慢粒）患者的血细胞中期分裂象内，首先发现特殊的微小染色体（Ph~1染色体）；一年后，他们又提出Ph~1染色体是与人类的一种恶性肿瘤相关的特殊而恒定的染色体畸变，这种畸
In 1960, Nowell and Hungerford first found a special minichromosome (Ph ~ 1) within the metaphase of the blood cells in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia; one year later they also proposed that the Ph ~ 1 chromosome is associated with A specific and constant chromosomal aberration associated with a malignant tumor in humans, this aberration