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目的分析萍乡市健康人群手足口病肠道病毒隐性感染的状况,为萍乡市手足口病防控提供科学依据。方法收集668名健康儿童及112名孕妇血清进行HEV71中和抗体检测,同时采集总计100名幼教人员、幼儿及儿童家长的手及咽部涂抹样,进行手足口病肠道病毒核酸检测(包括PE、EV71和Cox A16)。结果 668名儿童中,HEV71中和抗体阳性率为56.0%,平均几何滴度为1∶16.34,不同年龄组儿童抗体阳性率有统计学差异(χ2=51.12,P<0.05),各年龄组的中和抗体构成不一致(χ2=154.39,P<0.05)。112名孕妇,阳性率为92.9%,平均几何滴度为1∶29.89。100名健康人群检出肠道病毒核酸阳性率为18.0%,幼教人员、儿童家长、儿童3组人群的阳性率有统计学差异(χ2=12.78,P<0.05),手部涂抹样和咽拭子的检出阳性率无统计学差异(χ2=2.85,P>0.05)。结论≤3岁儿童是手足口病防控的重点人群,肠道病毒感染状况对儿童手足口病的流行有一定的影响,儿童和成人勤洗手、室内常通风是防控手足口病的重要措施。建议儿童在7月龄开始接种EV71疫苗。
Objective To analyze the status of recessive infection of enterovirus in hand, foot and mouth disease among healthy population in Pingxiang and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease in Pingxiang. Methods A total of 668 healthy children and 112 pregnant women were collected for the detection of HEV71 neutralizing antibodies. A total of 100 preschool children, children and children parents’ hands and pharyngeal smears were also collected for the detection of hand, foot and mouth disease enterovirus nucleic acid (including PE , EV71 and Cox A16). Results Among 668 children, the positive rate of HEV71 neutralizing antibody was 56.0% and the average geometric titer was 1:16.34. There was a significant difference in antibody positive rate among children of different age groups (χ2 = 51.12, P <0.05) The composition of neutralizing antibodies was not consistent (χ2 = 154.39, P <0.05). 112 pregnant women, the positive rate was 92.9%, the average geometric titer was 1:29.89.1. The positive rate of enterovirus nucleic acid detected in 100 healthy people was 18.0%. The positive rate of preschool education staff, children’s parents and children was statistically significant (Χ2 = 12.78, P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the positive smear and throat swab samples (χ2 = 2.85, P> 0.05). Conclusion ≤3 years old children are the key population of hand-foot-mouth disease prevention and control. The status of enterovirus infection has a certain impact on the prevalence of hand-foot-mouth disease in children. Washing hands frequently in children and adults and indoor ventilation are important measures to prevent HFMD . Children are advised to start vaccination with EV71 vaccine at 7 months of age.