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目的编制一个适用于医师共情能力评测的问卷,并检验其信度和效度。方法通过文献研究、访谈和专家咨询,编制医师共情能力自评问卷的初测版。按照便利取样的方法简单随机抽取某医院200名临床医师试测,并进行讨论分析,形成正式版的问卷。采用分层抽样的方法,抽取3所医院600名临床医师正式施测,并填答中文版人际反应指针量表。间隔4周抽取100人进行重测。对所得的586份有效问卷的数据进行验证性分析,并检验问卷的信度和效度。结果探索性因素分析得到观点采择能力、情绪共享能力、积极关怀能力和共情表达技能4个因素,因素负荷值为0.516~0.828。问卷的内部一致性信度为0.840,重测信度为0.728,与中文版人际反应指针量表的相关系数为0.712。结论所编制的医师共情能力自评问卷具有较好的信度和效度,可以用于临床医师共情能力的评测。
Objective To prepare a questionnaire that is suitable for evaluating the empathy ability of physicians and test its reliability and validity. Methods Through the literature research, interviews and expert consultation, the physician empathy ability self-assessment questionnaire of the first test version. In accordance with the convenience of sampling methods simply randomly selected a hospital 200 clinicians to test and analysis to form a formal version of the questionnaire. Using stratified sampling method, 600 clinicians from 3 hospitals were formally tested and the Chinese version of the interpersonal reaction pointer scale was filled in. Intervals of 4 weeks to take 100 people to retest. The validated data of 586 valid questionnaires were analyzed and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested. Results Exploratory factor analysis showed that there were four factors, namely, ability to take, emotion to share, ability to take positive care and skills to express empathy. The value of factor load was 0.516 ~ 0.828. The internal consistency reliability of the questionnaire was 0.840, the test-retest reliability was 0.728, and the correlation coefficient with the Chinese version of the interpersonal reaction pointer scale was 0.712. Conclusion The physician empathy self-assessment questionnaire has good reliability and validity, which can be used to evaluate the empathy ability of clinicians.