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以2012年底中国2424个A级景区(点)为研究对象,采用GIS空间分析和计量地理方法(最近邻指数、样方分析、基尼系数和热点聚类等),对A级旅游景点的空间结构特征进行了分析;利用栅格成本加权距离算法计算了景点的空间可达性;借助耗费分配方法划分了4A级及以上景点的服务范围。结果表明:总体上,中国A级景点的空间分布呈现聚集分布的特点,人文类景点的聚集度高于自然类景点;4A级及以上景点的聚集度低于4A级以下景点;4A级及以上人文类景点的聚集度高于4A级以下人文类景点。A级旅游景点在中国八大地理分区中的分布也呈现集中分布状态,空间分布的均匀度较低。受经济发展水平和旅游资源禀赋的影响,4A级及以上景点的服务范围表现为西部>东部,北方>南方的特征。景点的一级热点区主要集中分布在德庆-阿拉善左旗一线的东侧;二级热点区由11个区域组成;三级热点区则主要由京津-中原-长三角组成。
Taking the 2424 Grade A scenic spots (spots) in China as the research object at the end of 2012, GIS spatial analysis and metrological geographic methods (nearest neighbor index, quadratic analysis, Gini coefficient and hot cluster) Features were analyzed. The spatial reachability of the scenic spot was calculated by using the grid cost weighted distance algorithm. The service scope of the scenic spot 4A and above was divided according to the cost allocation method. The results show that, on the whole, the spatial distribution of Grade A scenic spots in China presents the characteristics of aggregation and distribution, and the concentration of human cultural attractions is higher than that of natural ones; the concentration of scenic spots 4A and above is lower than those below Grade 4A; Humanities attractions gathering degree higher than 4A level humanities attractions. A-level tourist attractions in China’s eight geographical distribution also showed a concentrated distribution of state, the spatial distribution of low uniformity. Affected by the level of economic development and the tourism resource endowment, the service scope of the scenic spots of Grade 4A and above is characterized by the features of western> eastern> northern> southern areas. The first-level hot spots of the scenic spots are mainly distributed on the east side of the Deqing-Alxanshunqi first line; the second-level hot spots consist of 11 regions; the third-level hot spots mainly consist of the Beijing-Tianjin-Zhongyuan-Yangtze River Delta.