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干旱是西北地区影响最广、经济损失最大的自然灾害。塔里木河是维持新疆自治区生态稳定的重要河流,塔里木河流域属于半干旱地区,年降水量极少,水资源极为匮乏。塔河流域干旱灾害特征对水资源的可利用性起着决定性作用。通过对塔河流域干旱灾害特征分析,研究干旱的特点、时间演变特征、周期和空间分布,并依据研究结果对干旱成因进行分析。研究表明:塔河流域的干旱灾害受多因素影响,干旱区域逐年扩大。
Drought is the most affected natural disaster in Northwest China with the greatest economic losses. The Tarim River is an important river for maintaining the ecological stability in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The Tarim River Basin is a semi-arid area with very little annual precipitation and scarce water resources. The characteristics of drought disasters in the Tarim River Basin play a decisive role in the availability of water resources. Through the analysis of the characteristics of drought disaster in the Tarim River basin, the characteristics of drought, the characteristics of time evolution, the period and the spatial distribution of drought are studied, and the causes of drought are analyzed based on the research results. The research shows that the drought disaster in the Tarim River basin is affected by many factors and the drought area is expanding year by year.