2011年地震、海啸和核泄漏三重灾难叠加,泰国洪灾、欧债危机及日元升值等一系列负面因素重创日本经济。日本政府通过追加庞大预算等多种措施支持灾后重建和促使经济重回增长轨道。目前,日本经济已出现温和回升迹象,但中长期看,日本政府须有效应对去核化、产业空心化、老龄化和政府债务问题四大挑战。 A series of negative factors such as the earthquake, tsunami and nuclear leak in 2011, the floods in Thailand, the debt crisis in Europe and the appreciation of the yen hit the Japanese economy. The Japanese government supports post-disaster reconstruction and brings the economy back to growth by various measures such as adding a huge budget. At present, the Japanese economy has shown some signs of a mild recovery. However, in the medium and long term, the Japanese government must effectively deal with the four major challenges of denuclearization, industrialization, aging and government debt.