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众包创新模式下有效识别匹配企业创新任务的关键用户知识源有助于降低企业搜索与评价成本,增强企业参与意愿,提升企业创新绩效。基于企业与用户双边视角,通过对关键用户知识源识别的必要性分析,构建了基于用户知识价值、知识交流意愿、企业吸收能力的三维关键用户知识源识别体系。其中,用户知识价值反映用户解决创新任务的能力;知识交流意愿反映企业和用户自愿分享知识的意愿水平;企业吸收能力反映企业获取、消化、转化及开发用户知识的能力。三维关键知识源识别体系能兼顾参与双方利益,体现了众包创新模式的自由、自愿和公平机制。随后,提出基于灰色关联分析的关键用户知识源识别方法,以联想创客大赛——智慧家居用品创意征集大赛为例,验证了研究成果的科学性和实用性。
The key source of user knowledge that can effectively identify the task of innovation matching crowdsourcing under crowdsourcing innovation mode helps to reduce the cost of enterprise search and evaluation, enhance the willingness of enterprises to participate and improve the innovation performance of enterprises. Based on the necessity of knowledge identification of key users based on the bilateral perspectives between enterprises and users, a three-dimensional key user knowledge source identification system based on knowledge value of users, willingness to exchange knowledge and absorptive capacity of enterprises was constructed. Among them, the value of user knowledge reflects the ability of users to solve innovative tasks; willingness to exchange knowledge reflects the willingness of enterprises and users to voluntarily share knowledge; and enterprise absorptive capacity reflects the ability of enterprises to acquire, digest, transform and develop user knowledge. Three-dimensional key knowledge source identification system takes into account the interests of both parties and embodies the free, voluntary and fair mechanism of crowdsourcing innovation model. Subsequently, a method of identifying key users’ knowledge sources based on gray relational analysis is proposed. Taking the example of the Lenovo Maker Maker Contest-Smart Home Products Collection Contest, this study proves the scientificity and practicability of the research results.