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【Abstract】Dynamic Equivalence and Skopos Theory are two important translation theories in the fields of translation， which many scholars spare no efforts to research on. This essay intends to compare and complement between Nida’s Dynamic Equivalence and Skopos theory after briefly reviewing these two translation theories. It is aimed at helping readers improve their translation skills via stimulating them to consider translation issues from different angles.
【Key words】translation theories； Nida’s Dynamic Equivalence； Skopos theory
1. Nida’s Dynamic Equivalence
Among Nida’s theories， the core is “Dynamic Equivalence” which was put forward in 1964. The meaning of Dynamic Equivalence is to let translators focus on the meaning and spirit of the original text rather than language structure. For Nida， a successful translation work must achieve equivalence and readers’ response.
Literal translation emphasizes faithfulness. Its main focus point is the linguistic form. In order to express its doctrine， dynamic equivalence plays an essential role in the translation of The Bible， so content comes first and form followed.
However， it still has its own limitation. As for literary works， the aim of its author most time needs readers to be carefully observed and captured.
To sum up， Nida emphasizes reader response and seek equivalence. However， we have to admit that dynamic equivalent has its own limitation when dealing with cultural differences. “Equivalent effect is the desirable result， rather than the aim of any translation.” （Newmark， 1998）.
2. Skopos Theory
Skopos theory has been put forward by Han J. Vermeer in the 1970s. Skopos theory regards translating as a purposeful human communicative activity based on the source text.
As Hans stated， “what the skopos states are that one must translate， consciously and consistently， in accordance with some principle respecting the target text. The theory does not state what the principle is： This must be decided separately in each specific case.” （Reiss， Vermeer
【Key words】translation theories； Nida’s Dynamic Equivalence； Skopos theory
1. Nida’s Dynamic Equivalence
Among Nida’s theories， the core is “Dynamic Equivalence” which was put forward in 1964. The meaning of Dynamic Equivalence is to let translators focus on the meaning and spirit of the original text rather than language structure. For Nida， a successful translation work must achieve equivalence and readers’ response.
Literal translation emphasizes faithfulness. Its main focus point is the linguistic form. In order to express its doctrine， dynamic equivalence plays an essential role in the translation of The Bible， so content comes first and form followed.
However， it still has its own limitation. As for literary works， the aim of its author most time needs readers to be carefully observed and captured.
To sum up， Nida emphasizes reader response and seek equivalence. However， we have to admit that dynamic equivalent has its own limitation when dealing with cultural differences. “Equivalent effect is the desirable result， rather than the aim of any translation.” （Newmark， 1998）.
2. Skopos Theory
Skopos theory has been put forward by Han J. Vermeer in the 1970s. Skopos theory regards translating as a purposeful human communicative activity based on the source text.
As Hans stated， “what the skopos states are that one must translate， consciously and consistently， in accordance with some principle respecting the target text. The theory does not state what the principle is： This must be decided separately in each specific case.” （Reiss， Vermeer