诊断和技术状态修这类词眼越来越频繁地出现在决定机车运行部门近期主要任务的一些决议和指示中。事实上，科研院所和高等院校早在二十多年前就开始研制第一代单一功能的试验型诊断装置。那时，这类诊断装置既笨重又不可靠。用它们来检查一台机车需要8h～10h。这样的装置一般都 Diagnoses and technical conditions are becoming more and more frequent in some of the resolutions and directives that determine the main tasks of the locomotive operating sector in the near future. In fact, research institutes and universities began to develop the first generation of single-function test diagnostic devices as early as two decades ago. At that time, such diagnostic devices were bulky and unreliable. Use them to check a locomotive needs 8h ~ 10h. Such devices are generally