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针对深埋隧道层状岩体围岩变形破坏的复杂性,以渝沙高速公路共和隧道工程为背景,采用自行研制的弹脆性相似材料构筑层状岩体隧道物理模型,利用应变监测技术和内窥摄影技术,研究了层状岩体在不同荷载作用下围岩应力分布及变形破坏过程特征。结果表明:深部层状岩体受层理结构面的影响,围岩具有明显偏压特征;在沿层理面方向主要受到与其一致的应力挤压从而产生剪切破坏,垂直于层理方向的破坏呈X型裂纹且沿洞壁深部发展;掉落块体呈楔型体,隧道围岩破坏范围呈明显的不均现象;模型试验结果与现场测试结果基本一致,为理论分析深部层状岩体破坏机理提供了可靠的试验结果。
Aiming at the complexity of surrounding rock deformation and failure of layered rock mass in deep tunnel, the physical model of layered rock mass tunnel is constructed by using the bullet-brittle similar material developed by ourselves under the Gongsun tunnel project of Yusha Expressway. By using the technique of strain monitoring, Looking at the photographic technique, the stress distribution and the process of deformation and failure of surrounding rock under different loadings are studied. The results show that the deep bedded rock mass is obviously influenced by the bedding plane and has obvious biasing characteristics. The fractured face is mainly subjected to the same stress squeezing in the direction of the bedding plane, resulting in shear failure. The X-ray cracks and X-ray cracks were developed along the wall of the tunnel. The falling blocks were wedge-shaped and the failure range of the surrounding rock of the tunnel was obviously uneven. The model test results were basically consistent with the field test results. Body failure mechanisms provide reliable test results.