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目的通过对小学生健康状况的调查及肺功能的测定,结合冬季社区空气质量检测,了解空气污染对小学生健康状况的影响。方法选择宝山区内1所小学,对全部学生610人进行健康影响问卷调查,在参加调查的学生中再随机抽取163名学生展开肺功能测试。结果调查期间,空气质量非达标日26 d,空气质量达标日35 d,空气质量指数日均值为102.4±48.9;学生疾病或症状发生的每日均值为(21±18)例。肺功能结果中,1秒用力呼气量女生在非达标日和达标日差异有统计学意义,呼气峰值流速(PEF)、25%用力呼气流量(V25)、V75男生和女生在达标日和非达标日差异均有统计学意义。结论在本地区,冬季不良空气质量对小学生呼吸系统有一定的影响。
Objective To investigate the impact of air pollution on the health status of primary school students through the investigation of primary school students’ health status and the determination of lung function, and the air quality testing in winter community. Methods A primary school in Baoshan District was selected. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the health effects of 610 students in all of them. A total of 163 students were randomly selected to conduct pulmonary function tests among students who participated in the survey. Results During the investigation period, the air quality did not reach the standard on 26 days, the air quality reached 35 days, and the daily average of air quality index was 102.4 ± 48.9. The daily average of disease or symptom was 21 ± 18 cases. Among the results of pulmonary function test, the forced expiratory volume of one second was significantly different between the non-compliance date and the compliance date, the peak expiratory flow rate (PEF), forced expiratory flow rate (V25) of 25%, V75 boys and girls Differences between non-standard and non-standard day were statistically significant. Conclusions In winter in the region, adverse air quality has a certain impact on the respiratory system of pupils.