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目的了解漯河市中小学生近视患病情况和影响因素,为采取相应干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,从漯河市所有中小学中随机抽取9所学校的7 059名学生作为调查对象,分期分批进行眼科检查,同时发放调查问卷以了解学生用眼卫生知识掌握情况和用眼行为等。结果漯河市中小学生总体近视率为59.1%,其中小学生为31.0%,初中生为59.4%,高中生为82.5%;小学生以轻、中度近视为主,初中生和高中生以中、高度近视为主;男生近视率为54.2%,女生为65.2%;各个年级女生近视率均高于同年级男生。结论课业负担重、休息时间少、睡眠不足、女性、用眼卫生知识的欠缺、不良的用眼行为等是当前中小学生近视的主要危险因素。学生近视的防治工作应从小抓起,并贯穿于整个求学阶段。
Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of myopia in primary and secondary school students in Luohe City, and to provide the basis for taking corresponding intervention measures. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 7 059 students of 9 schools from all primary and secondary schools in Luohe City as subjects and carry out ophthalmic examination in batches and at the same time release questionnaires to understand students’ knowledge of eye health And use eye behavior and so on. Results The total myopia rate of primary and secondary school students in Luohe was 59.1%, of which 31.0% for primary school students, 59.4% for junior high school students and 82.5% for high school students; primary and middle school students with mild to moderate myopia, middle and high school students with myopia Mainly boys ’myopia rate was 54.2% and girls’ rate was 65.2%. The myopia rate of girls in all grades was higher than boys in the same grade. Conclusions The main risk factors of myopia in primary and secondary school students are heavy burden on schoolwork, less rest time, lack of sleep, lack of knowledge of women in the eye, bad eye behavior. Students prevention and treatment of myopia should start small, and throughout the school stage.