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为研究干旱地区因开发建设项目区而产生较为强烈的以风蚀为主水土流失风蚀特征,选取新疆卡拉贝利工程区作为研究地点,以原始地表和破坏地表作为研究对象,采用集沙仪和风速仪进行风沙的收集和风速的监测,利用土壤筛和天平进行风蚀物粒径分级测量,并利用Spss进行数据统计分析,最终得到了该地区近地表不同下垫面风蚀规律特征。研究表明:破坏地表不同程度地增加了土壤风蚀的可能性,反复碾压地表和弃土场是该地区破坏地表的主要风蚀源;该地区风沙主要集中在距地表高度30cm内,主要土壤风蚀粒径0~500μm;输沙量和风蚀物粒径均随着高度的增加而减小,且输沙量沿高度呈指数函数递减;下垫面性质的不同直接影响了近地表土壤风蚀特征,破坏地表对输沙量的影响主要在近地表30cm内,反复碾压地表对风蚀物粒径的影响主要集中在距地表50cm内,弃土场对风蚀物粒径的影响则超过55cm。新疆卡拉贝利工程区不同下垫面地表在土壤可侵蚀性、土壤风沙流结构方面均表现出不同的特征。
In order to study the wind erosion-dominated wind-erosion-induced wind erosion in arid areas due to the development and construction of the project area, the project area of Calabelly in Xinjiang was selected as the study site. The original surface and the surface damage were taken as the research objects. The instrument was used to collect the wind and sand and monitor the wind speed. Soil grading and balance were used to measure the grading of wind erosion. The data were analyzed by using Spss. Finally, the wind erosion characteristics of different underlying surface in the area were obtained. The results show that the destruction of the ground surface increases the possibility of soil erosion to different extents, and the repeated crushing of surface and spoil ground is the main source of wind erosion in the area. The wind and sand in this area are mainly concentrated within 30cm of the ground surface, Diameter of 0 ~ 500μm. Both the sediment yield and the size of the eroded material decrease with the increase of height, and the sediment discharge decreases exponentially along the height. The difference of the underlying surface properties directly affects the wind erosion characteristics of the near surface soil, The influence of the surface on sediment transport is mainly within 30cm near the surface. The influence of repeated rolling on the wind-eroded particle size mainly concentrates within 50cm from the surface. The impact of the spoil ground on the size of the wind erode exceeds 55cm. The surface of different underlying surfaces in Calabelly project area in Xinjiang shows different characteristics in terms of soil erodibility and soil wind-sand flow structure.